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Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
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Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
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Related Experiment Video

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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Cognitive appraisals, objectivity and coping in ambulance workers: a pilot study.

Laura Shepherd¹, Jennifer Wild

¹Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology Department, , Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.

Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ

|January 12, 2013

Summary

Ambulance workers who used positive thinking and remained objective during traumatic call-outs reported better coping. Psychological interventions focusing on cognitive reappraisal and objectivity can enhance resilience in this population.

Keywords:

first responders prehospital care psychological conditions psychology, staff support

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Occupational Health

Background:

Ambulance workers face frequent psychologically traumatic events.
Objective and adaptive cognitive appraisals may mitigate negative impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between cognitive appraisals, objectivity, and coping in ambulance workers.
To explore psychological factors influencing resilience in emergency responders.

Main Methods:

A pilot study involving 45 London Ambulance Service workers.
Assessment of trauma exposure, PTSD, and depression symptoms.
Measurement of positive and negative appraisals and objectivity during stressful call-outs.

Main Results:

Enhanced coping correlated with more positive appraisals during call-outs.
Greater objectivity was linked to better coping outcomes.
Poorer coping was associated with increased negative appraisals.

Conclusions:

Cognitive reappraisal and enhanced objectivity may improve coping and resilience in ambulance workers.
Psychological interventions targeting these cognitive factors are recommended.