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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

Meaning making, adversity, and regulatory flexibility.

George A Bonanno¹

¹Teachers College, Columbia University, NY 10027, USA. gab38@columbia.edu

Memory (Hove, England)

|January 15, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Meaning making after adversity is complex, with outcomes varying by type and timing. This research suggests a flexible approach to narrative memory may be key for positive mental health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
Memory Studies

Background:

The link between meaning-making and mental health post-adversity is widely believed but empirically inconsistent.
Previous research shows meaning-making is not always adaptive and can be associated with negative health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the multifaceted nature of meaning-making from a narrative memory perspective.
To investigate how different forms, contexts, and timings of meaning-making influence mental health.
To propose a framework for future research on meaning-making.

Main Methods:

Analysis of studies within a special issue of Memory focusing on narrative memory.
Examination of meaning-making through the lens of regulatory flexibility.
Review of literature on coping and emotion regulation.

Main Results:

Meaning-making is a complex phenomenon, not universally beneficial for mental health.
The adaptiveness of meaning-making depends critically on its specific form, context, and timing.
Parallels exist between meaning-making and regulatory flexibility in coping and emotion regulation.

Conclusions:

Rethinking the necessity and adaptiveness of meaning-making is crucial.
A flexible approach to narrative memory and meaning-making is likely more beneficial.
Future research should adopt a framework emphasizing flexibility to guide studies on meaning-making.