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Evolutionary time-scale of primate bocaviruses.

Igor V Babkin1, Alexander I Tyumentsev, Artem Yu Tikunov

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia. i_babkin@mail.ru

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|January 15, 2013
PubMed
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Human bocavirus (HBoV) was detected in 1.9% of Russian infants with gastroenteritis. Evolutionary analysis suggests HBoV genotypes recently diverged from primate bocaviruses, indicating a shared primate origin.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Evolution
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Human bocavirus (HBoV) is linked to acute gastroenteritis, particularly in young children and the elderly.
  • Four HBoV genotypes (HBoV1-HBoV4) are known, but their prevalence in Russia was unstudied.
  • Gastroenteritis remains a significant health concern, especially in vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of HBoV in infants hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Novosibirsk, Russia.
  • To analyze the evolutionary history and origins of detected HBoV strains.
  • To compare HBoV evolution with that of other primate bocaviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Nucleic acid detection of HBoV, rotavirus A, norovirus II, and astrovirus in 1781 fecal samples.
  • Complete genome sequencing of identified HBoV isolates.
  • Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses using existing human and great ape bocavirus sequences.

Main Results:

  • HBoV was detected in 1.9% of samples; HBoV1 in 0.6% and HBoV2 in 1.3%.
  • Evolutionary analysis indicated recent divergence (60-300 years ago) of HBoV genotypes from primate bocaviruses.
  • Estimated mutation rate for primate bocaviruses was 9×10(-4) substitutions/site/year.

Conclusions:

  • HBoV plays a minor role in infant gastroenteritis in this Russian cohort.
  • HBoV genotypes likely evolved independently from primate bocaviruses, suggesting a shared primate origin.
  • The findings support a hypothesis of independent evolution of HBoV1 and HBoV4 from primate bocaviruses.