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Fetal abnormal growth associated with substance abuse
Eleazar Soto1, Ray Bahado-Singh
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 15, 2013
Summary
Substance abuse during pregnancy is a significant concern. This review found that while confounding factors exist, drug use in pregnancy negatively impacts infant birth weight and head circumference.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Public Health
- Neonatal Health
Background:
- Substance abuse during pregnancy presents a critical public health challenge.
- Existing research is often limited by confounding variables such as polysubstance use and socioeconomic factors.
- These factors independently impact pregnancy outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the existing literature on the effects of substance abuse in pregnancy.
- To identify the specific impacts on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
- To synthesize findings despite methodological challenges.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of available studies on substance abuse and pregnancy.
- Analysis of findings, considering confounding factors.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding effects on birth weight and head circumference.
Main Results:
- Most studies on substance abuse in pregnancy are complicated by polysubstance use.
- Environmental and social factors significantly influence pregnancy outcomes.
- Despite confounders, a clear association exists between substance abuse and reduced birth weight and head circumference.
Conclusions:
- Substance abuse during pregnancy is linked to adverse neonatal outcomes.
- Reduced birth weight and head circumference are key indicators of negative impact.
- Further research controlling for confounders is needed to fully elucidate risks.
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