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Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
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Published on: August 24, 2012

Stress disrupts response memory retrieval.

Friederike M Guenzel1, Oliver T Wolf, Lars Schwabe

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.

Psychoneuroendocrinology
|January 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stress impairs stimulus-response (S-R) memory retrieval in humans. This study found that acute stress, indicated by higher cortisol levels, led to more errors in recalling S-R tasks, suggesting broader impacts of stress on memory beyond declarative recall.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Stress Research

Background:

  • Stress is known to affect memory, primarily declarative memory dependent on the hippocampus.
  • The influence of stress on striatum-based memory, like stimulus-response (S-R) memory, is less understood.
  • Rodent studies suggest stress hormones may enhance S-R memory consolidation, but retrieval effects in humans are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of acute stress on the retrieval of stimulus-response (S-R) memories in humans.
  • To determine if stress affects memory processes beyond the hippocampus.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy male and female participants were trained on a virtual radial maze S-R task.
  • One week later, participants were exposed to either a stressor or a control condition.
  • Memory retrieval for the S-R task was assessed after the stress or control condition.

Main Results:

  • Participants under stress made significantly more errors during S-R memory retrieval compared to controls.
  • Higher cortisol concentrations were correlated with poorer S-R memory performance.
  • These findings suggest stress impairs S-R memory retrieval in humans.

Conclusions:

  • Stress negatively impacts the retrieval of stimulus-response (S-R) memories in humans.
  • These results extend the known effects of stress on memory to striatum-dependent processes.
  • Stress may impair human memory retrieval beyond hippocampal-dependent declarative memory.