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Related Concept Videos

System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
Flashbulb Memory01:16

Flashbulb Memory

A flashbulb memory is a highly vivid and detailed memory, often linked to events of significant emotional impact. These memories stand out in contrast to everyday memories due to their clarity and the precision with which they are recalled. The strong emotions associated with the event act as a catalyst, ensuring that specific details, such as one's location, actions, and even peripheral elements, are etched into memory with remarkable accuracy. For example, many people can vividly recall where...
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Memory on time.

Howard Eichenbaum1

  • 1Center for Memory and Brain, Boston University, 2 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA. hbe@bu.edu

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|January 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The hippocampus is crucial for episodic memory, with neurons like time cells encoding event order. This suggests the hippocampus creates a spatio-temporal framework for memory organization.

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A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Memory Enhancement
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The hippocampus is known to be vital for episodic memory, particularly remembering event sequences.
  • Hippocampal neuronal activity exhibits sequential event replay and temporal context signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hippocampus's role in organizing memories by establishing spatio-temporal frameworks.
  • To integrate findings on episodic memory and spatial mapping within hippocampal function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on hippocampal function in memory and spatial navigation.
  • Analysis of neuronal ensemble activity, including time cells and place cells.

Main Results:

  • Hippocampal neurons, specifically time cells, encode moments within temporally structured experiences.
  • Neuronal ensembles in the hippocampus represent a changing temporal context signal.
  • Evidence suggests a link between hippocampal spatial mapping and episodic memory sequencing.

Conclusions:

  • The hippocampus's fundamental role may be to create spatio-temporal frameworks.
  • These frameworks are essential for organizing episodic memories, integrating sequential event order and spatial context.