Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that include the...
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview01:32

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview

Cyanohydrins are compounds that contain –CN and –OH groups on the same carbon atom. They are formed by the nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ions to the carbonyl group. Cyanide ions are highly basic and nucleophilic and can be generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. However, since HCN is a weak acid, the number of cyanide ions generated is very small. Hence, a small amount of base or KCN/NaCN is added to HCN to increase the concentration of the cyanide ions in the reaction mixture.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author Correction: Human cerebrospinal fluid net flow enhanced by respiration during the awake state.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Autonomic Dysfunction and Risk of Mortality in Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease.

Annals of neurology·2025
Same author

Human cerebrospinal fluid net flow enhanced by respiration during the awake state.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

VPS13C heterozygous loss of function as a modifier for suboptimal response to levodopa in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinsonism & related disorders·2025
Same author

Harlequin syndrome: using clinical features and autonomic testing to unmask the disorder.

Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·2025
Same author

The phenotype of "pure" autonomic failure.

Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Method for Identifying Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Protein-protein Interaction Between HCN1 and TRIP8b
10:20

Method for Identifying Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Protein-protein Interaction Between HCN1 and TRIP8b

Published on: November 11, 2016

HCN channels: function and clinical implications.

Eduardo E Benarroch1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. benarroch.eduardo@mayo.edu

Neurology
|January 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are crucial for nervous system function. These channels regulate neuronal excitability and synaptic integration, impacting memory and potentially epilepsy and pain.

More Related Videos

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane
07:38

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane

Published on: March 30, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Method for Identifying Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Protein-protein Interaction Between HCN1 and TRIP8b
10:20

Method for Identifying Small Molecule Inhibitors of the Protein-protein Interaction Between HCN1 and TRIP8b

Published on: November 11, 2016

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane
07:38

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane

Published on: March 30, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are pore-loop cation channels.
  • Mammalian HCN channels (HCN1-4) are expressed in the heart and nervous system.
  • They are activated by hyperpolarization and influenced by cyclic nucleotides like cAMP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiologic functions of HCN channels.
  • To explore the implications of HCN channels in neurologic disorders.
  • To highlight their role in neuronal excitability and synaptic integration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental evidence.
  • Analysis of the biophysical properties of HCN channels.
  • Synthesis of findings on HCN channel roles in neuronal function and disease.

Main Results:

  • HCN channels conduct a mixed Na+/K+ current (Ih) and are active near resting membrane potential.
  • They control neuronal excitability, synaptic integration, and rhythmic activity.
  • HCN channels are implicated in synaptic plasticity, memory, thalamocortical rhythms, and somatic sensation.

Conclusions:

  • HCN channels play a fundamental role in central nervous system function.
  • Dysregulation of HCN channels may contribute to epilepsy and pain.
  • Further research into HCN channels is vital for understanding neurologic disorders.