Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genetic architecture of the limbic white matter microstructure in aging and Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

EpiATLAS - a reference for human epigenomic research.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Aligning Thrombophilia Testing With Evidence-Based Guidelines: The Impact of Clinical Decision Support Redesign in an Academic Medical Center.

American journal of medical quality : the official journal of the American College of Medical Quality·2026
Same author

Neighborhood disadvantage and brain myelination: Insights from infancy to childhood.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Beyond perceived stress: Hair cortisol is linked with cognition and fatigue in black and white patients with multiple sclerosis.

Psychoneuroendocrinology·2026
Same author

Gut bacterial metabolite imidazole propionate potentiates Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

White matter microstructural integrity and executive function in Parkinson's disease.

Catherine Gallagher1, Brian Bell, Barbara Bendlin

  • 1William S. Middleton Memorial VA Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, WI 53705-2281, USA. gallagher@neurology.wisc.edu

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|January 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary

White matter abnormalities in Parkinson's disease are linked to executive function deficits. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) changes correlate with cognitive impairments.

More Related Videos

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:33

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:33

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with both motor and non-motor symptoms.
  • White matter abnormalities are increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to these symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) indices and executive function in Parkinson's disease patients.
  • To determine if white matter microstructural changes correlate with specific cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis of DTI data from 15 PD patients and 15 healthy controls.
  • Extraction of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values from a frontal mask.
  • Regression analysis of DTI indices against executive function composite scores and Stroop interference scores.

Main Results:

  • In Parkinson's patients, fractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly related to executive function composite scores.
  • Both FA and mean diffusivity (MD) were associated with Stroop interference scores, indicating impaired cognitive control.
  • These findings suggest a link between white matter integrity and executive dysfunction in PD.

Conclusions:

  • White matter microstructural abnormalities are implicated in the cognitive deficits observed in Parkinson's disease.
  • Further research is necessary to elucidate whether these DTI changes are a direct result of PD pathology or represent a comorbid condition.