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Updated: May 15, 2026

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Improved derivation of input function in dynamic mouse [18F]FDG PET using bladder radioactivity kinetics.

Koon-Pong Wong¹, Xiaoli Zhang, Sung-Cheng Huang

¹Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. kpwong@ucla.edu

Molecular Imaging and Biology

|January 17, 2013

Summary

This study introduces a hybrid modeling approach to estimate the plasma input function (IF) for [18F]FDG PET imaging in mice. The method accurately determines IF without invasive arterial blood sampling, enabling repeated studies in the same animal.

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Area of Science:

Nuclear Medicine
Medical Imaging
Pharmacokinetics

Background:

Accurate plasma input function (IF) determination is crucial for quantitative positron emission tomography (PET).
Arterial blood sampling for IF estimation is invasive and challenging in mice due to limited blood volume.
Developing non-invasive methods for IF estimation is essential for mouse PET studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a hybrid modeling approach for estimating the plasma input function (IF) of [18F]FDG in mice.
To assess the feasibility of using urinary bladder radioactivity and a single late-time blood sample for IF estimation.
To enable absolute quantification of physiological parameters in dynamic [18F]FDG PET studies in mice without repeated arterial sampling.

Main Methods:

Dynamic PET scans were performed on mice following [18F]FDG injection.
A hybrid model combined urinary bladder radioactivity, a single late-time blood sample, and renal compartmental modeling.
The model fitted [18F]FDG time-activity curves (TACs) of liver and muscle, along with early left-ventricle data, to estimate the plasma IF.

Main Results:

The hybrid method's plasma IF estimation showed excellent agreement with measurements from serial arterial blood sampling (R2>0.983).
Calculated [18F]FDG uptake constants in major organs (brain, myocardium, liver, muscle) were consistent between estimated and measured IFs.
Estimating IF using only the final blood sample or liver TAC yielded less reliable results.

Conclusions:

The proposed hybrid modeling approach accurately estimates the plasma IF for [18F]FDG PET in mice.
This method eliminates the need for arterial catheterization, facilitating repeated dynamic PET studies in the same animal.
Liver TAC is not a suitable substitute for the plasma IF in absolute quantification of [18F]FDG PET data.