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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
Drugs in...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...
Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral01:18

Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral

Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
Unlike sublingually drugs, drugs that are taken orally pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and get metabolized by the liver. Once metabolized, the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching different body parts via the bloodstream. However, while passing through the stomach,...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction01:23

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

A Comparative Study of Drug Delivery Methods Targeted to the Mouse Inner Ear: Bullostomy Versus Transtympanic Injection
09:18

A Comparative Study of Drug Delivery Methods Targeted to the Mouse Inner Ear: Bullostomy Versus Transtympanic Injection

Published on: March 8, 2017

Drug delivery to the ear.

E Hoskison1, M Daniel, S Al-Zahid

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.

Therapeutic Delivery
|January 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeted drug delivery to the ear treats middle and inner ear conditions like hearing loss and tinnitus. Localized treatments offer higher doses with fewer side effects, aiming for systems that cross the eardrum.

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Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity
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Canalostomy As a Surgical Approach to Local Drug Delivery into the Inner Ears of Adult and Neonatal Mice

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

A Comparative Study of Drug Delivery Methods Targeted to the Mouse Inner Ear: Bullostomy Versus Transtympanic Injection
09:18

A Comparative Study of Drug Delivery Methods Targeted to the Mouse Inner Ear: Bullostomy Versus Transtympanic Injection

Published on: March 8, 2017

Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity
09:52

Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity

Published on: March 16, 2018

Canalostomy As a Surgical Approach to Local Drug Delivery into the Inner Ears of Adult and Neonatal Mice
09:34

Canalostomy As a Surgical Approach to Local Drug Delivery into the Inner Ears of Adult and Neonatal Mice

Published on: May 25, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Middle and inner ear conditions necessitate effective drug delivery methods.
  • Current treatments include antibiotics, steroids, and neuroprotective agents, often with systemic administration.
  • Localized ear drug delivery aims to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing drug delivery methods for the middle and inner ear.
  • To explore various routes of administration, including topical, systemic, and transtympanic.
  • To identify the potential for advanced carrier systems for enhanced ear drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was performed using major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid).
  • Search terms included 'drug delivery', 'middle ear', 'inner ear', and 'transtympanic'.
  • The review covered studies from 1966 to 2012.

Main Results:

  • Multiple drug delivery methods exist for the middle ear, including topical, systemic, transtympanic, and Eustachian tube routes.
  • Localized drug delivery allows for targeted administration, increasing therapeutic doses.
  • Systemic side effects are minimized with localized treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted drug delivery to the ear offers significant advantages for treating various ear pathologies.
  • Further development of carrier systems capable of crossing the intact tympanic membrane is crucial.
  • The ideal system would facilitate drug or biochemical agent delivery for middle and inner ear conditions.