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Related Concept Videos

Ethics in Research01:56

Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
Bias01:22

Bias

Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is called the fundamental attribution...
Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
Antisocial Personality Disorder01:24

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...

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Related Experiment Video

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Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa
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Factors associated with research wrongdoing in Nigeria.

Omokhoa A Adeleye1, Clement A Adebamowo

  • 1Department of Community Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. adeleyeoa@gmail.com

Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics : JERHRE
|January 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Research misconduct, including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism, is prevalent among Nigerian researchers due to ethical knowledge gaps and publication pressure. Improved ethics training and support systems are crucial for promoting research integrity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Research Ethics
  • Scientific Misconduct
  • Research Integrity in Developing Countries

Background:

  • Growing concerns regarding research wrongdoing in developing nations.
  • Emerging research ethics training and regulatory systems in these regions.
  • Limited empirical data on the prevalence and predictors of research misconduct in Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of research wrongdoing among medical and dental researchers in Nigeria.
  • To identify significant predictors of research misconduct in this population.
  • To inform the development of interventions to enhance research integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving interviews with 132 medical/dental researchers in two Nigerian states.
  • Exploration of various research wrongdoings, including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of research misconduct.

Main Results:

  • 22.0% of researchers admitted to at least one form of research wrongdoing (fabrication, falsification, plagiarism).
  • Key predictors identified include knowledge gaps in research ethics and pressure to publish for career advancement.
  • Inadequate knowledge of research ethics significantly predicted self-reported misconduct.

Conclusions:

  • Research misconduct is a significant issue among Nigerian biomedical researchers, influenced by ethical knowledge deficits and academic pressures.
  • Strengthening research ethics training and providing adequate support systems are essential recommendations.
  • Addressing these factors can help foster a more ethical research environment in developing countries.