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Persistent infection caused by Hobi-like pestivirus.

Nicola Decaro1, Michele Losurdo, Maria Stella Lucente

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A calf persistently infected with Hobi-like pestivirus showed typical bovine viral diarrhea virus signs and shed the virus in secretions. Urine samples revealed maximal viral titers, offering new insights into this emerging pestivirus.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Animal Health

Background:

  • Hobi-like pestiviruses are an emerging group of viruses affecting livestock.
  • Persistent pestivirus infections in cattle can lead to significant health and economic impacts.
  • Understanding the shedding patterns and pathogenesis is crucial for disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To monitor a persistently infected calf for clinical signs and viral shedding.
  • To investigate the distribution and maximal titers of Hobi-like pestivirus in body secretions.
  • To gain new insights into the pathogenesis of this emerging pestivirus.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal monitoring of a single calf over approximately six months.
  • Clinical sign assessment consistent with bovine viral diarrhea virus.
  • Analysis of viral titers in various body secretions, with a focus on urine.

Main Results:

  • The calf exhibited clinical signs characteristic of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection.
  • The virus was shed through all monitored body secretions.
  • Maximal viral titers were consistently detected in urine samples.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent Hobi-like pestivirus infection in calves leads to characteristic clinical signs and widespread viral shedding.
  • Urine represents a key secretion for detecting and quantifying viral load in persistently infected animals.
  • This study enhances our understanding of the pathogenesis and transmission dynamics of emerging pestiviruses in cattle.