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Related Concept Videos

Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

A serious cause of panic attack.

Michael O'Connell1, Aaron Bernard

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, 750 Prior Hall, 376 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine
|January 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synchronized electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can trigger ventricular fibrillation. This case highlights the risks and reviews management strategies for WPW rhythm disturbances.

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Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a pre-excitation syndrome associated with supraventricular tachycardias.
  • Atrial fibrillation in WPW patients can lead to rapid ventricular rates and hemodynamic instability.
  • Synchronized electrical cardioversion is a standard treatment for hemodynamically unstable arrhythmias.

Observation:

  • A patient with atrial fibrillation and WPW syndrome underwent synchronized electrical cardioversion.
  • The procedure, typically safe, resulted in a life-threatening complication: degeneration into ventricular fibrillation.
  • This adverse event underscores the arrhythmogenic potential of cardioversion in specific WPW presentations.

Findings:

  • Electrical cardioversion can precipitate ventricular fibrillation in patients with WPW syndrome and atrial fibrillation.
  • The underlying electrophysiological properties of WPW may predispose to this dangerous transition.
  • Prompt recognition and management of ventricular fibrillation are critical.

Implications:

  • Cardiology guidelines should emphasize the potential risks of cardioversion in WPW patients with atrial fibrillation.
  • Alternative management strategies for atrial fibrillation in WPW may need consideration.
  • Further research into the mechanisms and prevention of cardioversion-induced ventricular fibrillation in WPW is warranted.