Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 15, 2026
07:41
Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Published on: April 17, 2019
[A woman with a remarkable prolapse]
Maartje Zelis1, Patricia Mercelina-Roumans, Berry Meesters
1Atrium Medisch Centrum Parkstad, Afd. Obstetrie en Gynaecologie, Heerlen, the Netherlands. maartjezelis@gmail.com
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|January 19, 2013
Summary
A woman experienced vaginal protrusion and severe abdominal pain after coughing. Doctors diagnosed a rare spontaneous small bowel evisceration through a vaginal herniation.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Case Reports
Background:
- Vaginal herniation, while uncommon, can lead to serious complications.
- Sudden increases in intra-abdominal pressure, such as from violent coughing, can precipitate acute events.
Observation:
- A 59-year-old multiparous woman presented with a sensation of vaginal protrusion.
- This was immediately followed by severe abdominal pain after a forceful cough.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with spontaneous small bowel evisceration.
- The evisceration occurred through a pre-existing vaginal herniation.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare but critical obstetric and gynecologic emergency.
- Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing small bowel evisceration.
- Vaginal herniation requires careful consideration in patients presenting with acute abdominal symptoms post-Valsalva maneuver.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Hiatal Hernia
A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
01:26Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum
The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
01:15External Female Genitals
The vulva encompasses the external structures of the female reproductive system. At the forefront is the monpubis, a cushion of fatty tissue atop the pubic bone. Once puberty sets in, this area typically grows hair. Extending from just behind the mons pubis are the labia majora (labia = 'lips'; majora = 'larger'), which are larger skin fs olds coated with hair. Nestled within are the labia minora (labia = 'lips'; minora = 'smaller'), which are thinner, more pigmented, and hairless. While the...
01:27Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
01:19Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management
The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
01:25Assessment of the Rectum and Anus
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...