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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

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Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
07:03

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 2, 2018

CELFish ways to modulate mRNA decay.

Irina Vlasova-St Louis1, Alexa M Dickson, Paul R Bohjanen

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|January 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CELF proteins regulate mRNA decay by binding to GU-rich elements, impacting development and disease. This review details their mechanisms, networks, and regulation in RNA metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • The CELF (CUG- and ETR-3-like factor) family of RNA-binding proteins is crucial for post-transcriptional gene regulation.
  • While known for roles in pre-mRNA splicing, CELF proteins significantly influence messenger RNA (mRNA) decay pathways.
  • Dysregulation of CELF proteins is implicated in various developmental processes and disease pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse mechanisms by which CELF proteins modulate mRNA decay.
  • To explore the mRNA networks and cellular pathways regulated by CELF proteins.
  • To discuss the regulation of CELF protein activity during development and in response to cellular signals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on CELF protein function in mRNA decay.
  • Analysis of studies detailing CELF binding to GU-rich elements.
  • Synthesis of information on CELF-mediated regulation of mRNA stability.

Main Results:

  • CELF proteins utilize multiple modes to control mRNA decay, primarily through binding to GU-rich sequence elements.
  • These proteins regulate extensive mRNA networks and cellular pathways critical for biological processes.
  • CELF protein activity is dynamically modulated by developmental cues and cellular signaling.

Conclusions:

  • CELF proteins are key regulators of mRNA decay, employing specific binding mechanisms to influence gene expression.
  • Understanding CELF-mediated mRNA decay is vital for comprehending development and disease.
  • Future research should prioritize elucidating novel experimental avenues in CELF protein regulation and function.