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The genomics revolution: will canine atopic dermatitis be predictable and preventable?
1The University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK. timn@liv.ac.uk
Veterinary Dermatology
|January 22, 2013
Summary
Genomic studies reveal canine atopic dermatitis (AD) has a complex genetic basis, varying by breed. This complexity impacts treatment and management, highlighting the need for targeted therapies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Genetics
- Canine Dermatology
- Immunogenetics
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs is influenced by multiple genes and environmental interactions.
- Genomic advancements offer powerful tools for studying canine AD genetics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of genomic techniques in canine atopic dermatitis research.
- To explore current and future genomic methodologies for canine AD.
Main Methods:
- Review of hypothesis-dependent (e.g., quantitative PCR) and hypothesis-free genomic techniques (e.g., microarrays, genome-wide association studies).
- Analysis of genome-wide linkage and association studies in canine AD.
- Examination of gene expression profiling and transcriptomics.
Main Results:
- Genomic studies have implicated numerous genes in canine AD pathogenesis, including those related to immunity, inflammation, and skin barrier function.
- Inconsistencies in findings are attributed to low case numbers, diagnostic variability, and incomplete genomic coverage.
- Canine AD exhibits a complex genotype that differs across breeds and populations.
Conclusions:
- The complex and variable genotype of canine AD suggests breeding programs for elimination are unlikely to succeed.
- Understanding genetic complexity can explain variations in clinical presentation and treatment response.
- Genotyping offers potential for identifying novel therapeutic targets and improving treatment strategies for canine AD.
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