Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...

Feedback Inhibition

Feedback Inhibition

Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...

Nonconscious Mimicry

Nonconscious Mimicry

Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Influence of long-term nutrient deficiency on pollen and anther morphological traits in rye.

Journal of experimental botany·2025

Same author

Intermediate, Wholistic Shape Representation in Object Recognition: A Pre-Attentive Stage of Processing?

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2022

Same author

Handgrip Based Action Information Modulates Attentional Selection: An ERP Study.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2021

Same author

Attentional saliency and ingroup biases: From society to the brain.

Social neuroscience·2020

Same author

Cultural Orientation of Self-Bias in Perceptual Matching.

Frontiers in psychology·2019

Same author

The relations between temporal and social perceptual biases: Evidence from perceptual matching.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

Visual responses to action between unfamiliar object pairs modulate extinction.

Melanie Wulff¹, Glyn W Humphreys

¹School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. mxw127@bham.ac.uk

Neuropsychologia

|January 22, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Action-related object pairs reduce visual extinction in patients. Benefits vary with object familiarity, perspective (self vs. third-person), and hand-object congruence, influencing attention.

More Related Videos

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Clinical Neuropsychology

Background:

Visual extinction is a deficit where patients fail to perceive stimuli presented to the contralesional side of space when a stimulus is also present in the ipsilesional side.
Previous research indicates that action-related object pairs can ameliorate visual extinction, particularly when viewed from a self-perspective and congruent with premorbid handedness.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of object familiarity, reference frame (self vs. third-person perspective), and hand-object congruence on ameliorating visual extinction using action-related object pairs.
To examine if these factors modulate the motor response to stimuli and attention in patients with visual extinction.

Main Methods:

The study involved neuropsychological patients with visual extinction.
Participants viewed familiar and unfamiliar action-related object pairs from both self-perspective and third-person perspectives.
Performance was assessed based on the degree of extinction recovery and reporting biases.

Main Results:

Greater recovery from extinction was observed with action-related objects compared to non-action-related objects.
Patients showed more benefit from action-related pairs viewed from a third-person perspective than a first-person perspective.
A reversal of the typical extinction pattern occurred, with a bias towards reporting the 'active' object on the extinguished side, but only from a self-perspective.

Conclusions:

Multiple factors, including object familiarity and reference frame, modulate the effects of action relations on attention in visual extinction.
The findings suggest a complex interplay between motor responses, object properties, and spatial reference frames in visual perception and attention.