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Microscopy Based Methods for the Assessment of Epithelial Cell Migration During In Vitro Wound Healing
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Mitotic cell rounding accelerates epithelial invagination.

Takefumi Kondo1, Shigeo Hayashi

  • 1Laboratory for Morphogenetic Signaling, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, 2-2-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.

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|January 22, 2013
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitotic cell rounding, not division, drives rapid epithelial invagination in Drosophila by increasing pressure. This process switches on rapid pit depression during tracheal placode development.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Mitosis typically involves cell rounding, which can interfere with morphogenetic events requiring cell shape changes.
  • Epithelial invagination is crucial for tissue formation but its regulation by mitosis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of mitosis in epithelial invagination during Drosophila melanogaster tracheal placode development.
  • To determine how mitotic cell rounding influences the speed and mechanism of invagination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism.
  • Observed and analyzed cell shape changes and tissue dynamics during tracheal placode invagination.
  • Investigated the roles of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and myosin II contractility.

Main Results:

  • Mitotic cell rounding, not cell division, of central placode cells accelerates invagination.
  • EGFR signaling and myosin II contractility in surrounding cells are essential for this accelerated invagination.
  • Mitotic rounding acts as a switch, triggering a rapid phase of epithelial pit depression.

Conclusions:

  • Mitotic cell rounding actively promotes epithelial invagination by generating pressure, acting as a critical switch for morphogenetic transitions.
  • This finding reveals a novel role for mitosis in driving rapid tissue morphogenesis beyond its role in cell division.