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Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Updated: May 15, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

[Genetics of ischemic stroke].

A Gschwendtner¹, M Dichgans

¹Institut für Schlaganfall- und Demenzforschung (ISD), Max-Lebsche-Platz 30, 81377, München, Deutschland. andreas.gschwendtner@med.uni-muenchen.de

|January 22, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Stroke, a leading cause of death and disability, has both genetic and environmental factors. Understanding genetic susceptibility genes could lead to new treatments for ischemic stroke and rare monogenic stroke disorders.

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Two-vessel Occlusion Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion

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Published on: March 1, 2019

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Genetics
Epidemiology

Context:

Stroke is a major global health concern, causing significant mortality and disability.
Ischemic strokes constitute approximately 80% of all stroke cases.
Intracranial bleeding accounts for the remaining stroke cases.

Purpose:

To explore the role of genetic factors in stroke, including rare monogenic disorders and common sporadic stroke.
To highlight the diagnostic importance of monogenic stroke disorders in young patients.
To investigate the potential of discovering susceptibility genes for novel therapeutic strategies.

Summary:

This research reviews the epidemiology of stroke, emphasizing the prevalence of ischemic types and intracranial bleeding.
It discusses monogenic stroke disorders, which are rare but critical for specific therapeutic interventions in young individuals.
The role of genetic susceptibility genes in common sporadic stroke is examined, suggesting future therapeutic avenues.

Impact:

Advances in understanding genetic contributions to stroke can personalize treatment approaches.
Identification of susceptibility genes may pave the way for targeted therapies and preventative strategies.
This research underscores the importance of genetic diagnostics in managing stroke patients, particularly younger individuals.