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Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Aging obviates sex-specific physiological responses to exercise.

Michael R Deschenes1, Jessica L Taylor, Katherine A Mangis

  • 1Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795; Program in Neuroscience, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795.

American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
|January 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Aging eliminates sex differences in physiological responses to exercise. Aged men and women show similar cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, and metabolic adaptations to moderate-intensity workouts, impacting exercise prescription for older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Gerontology
  • Sex differences in physiology

Background:

  • Sex and aging influence physiological responses to exercise.
  • Young adults exhibit sex-specific exercise responses.
  • The impact of aging on these sex differences is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if aging alters the sex-specific physiological responses to exercise.
  • To compare exercise responses between aged men and women.

Main Methods:

  • Ten older men and ten older women (mean age ~70 years) with similar physical activity levels completed a 30-minute moderate-intensity exercise bout.
  • Cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, and metabolic variables were measured before, during, and after exercise.
  • Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA.

Main Results:

  • Exercise significantly affected all measured physiological variables over time.
  • No significant differences in physiological responses were found between aged men and women.
  • The sex-specific nature of exercise responses observed in younger individuals was not present in this older cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological responses to prolonged, moderate-intensity exercise are similar in older men and women.
  • Aging appears to obviate the sexually dimorphic nature of exercise responses.
  • These findings are important for tailoring exercise training programs for the elderly.