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Exercise patterns and trabecular bone density in college women.

A M Davee1, C J Rosen, R A Adler

  • 1Department of Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Muscle-building exercise significantly increases spinal bone density in college women. This type of activity, combined with aerobic exercise, offers additive benefits for bone health.

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Density Research
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Trabecular bone density is crucial for skeletal health.
  • Understanding the impact of different physical activities on bone is important for young women.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the specific effects of combined aerobic and muscle-building exercise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of varied physical activity patterns on trabecular bone density in college-aged women.
  • To compare bone mineral density (BMD) across sedentary, aerobic exercise, and combined muscle-building groups.
  • To explore potential correlations between exercise, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and bone density.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 27 eumenorrheic, non-smoking college women.

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  • Participants categorized into three groups based on chronic exercise regimens: sedentary (<1 hr/week), aerobic (>2.5 hrs/week), and muscle-building supplemented aerobic (>1 hr/week).
  • Measurements included lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), IGF-1 levels, and assessment of dietary intake and body composition.

    • Main Results:

    • Women engaging in muscle-building exercise showed significantly higher spinal bone density compared to sedentary and aerobic groups.
    • Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations were highest in the muscle-building group and correlated positively with hours of muscle-building activity.
    • Body mass index was a significant predictor of lumbar BMD, with muscle-building exercise having an additive effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic muscle-building exercise may enhance lumbar bone mass in young women.
    • The benefits of anaerobic exercise on bone density appear to be mediated by both local mechanical loading and potential systemic factors.
    • Combined exercise regimens, incorporating muscle-building activities, may be particularly effective for augmenting bone density.