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Updated: May 15, 2026

Nonradioactive Assay to Measure Polynucleotide Phosphorylation of Small Nucleotide Substrates
Published on: May 8, 2020
RNA decay machines: deadenylation by the Ccr4-not and Pan2-Pan3 complexes
Elmar Wahle1, G Sebastiaan Winkler
1Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany. ewahle@biochemtech.uni-halle.de
Abstract:
Shortening and removal of the 3' poly(A) tail of mature mRNA by poly(A)-specific 3' exonucleases (deadenylases) is the initial and often rate-limiting step in mRNA degradation. The majority of cytoplasmic deadenylase activity is associated with the Ccr4-Not and Pan2-Pan3 complexes. Two distinct catalytic subunits, Caf1/Pop2 and Ccr4, are associated with the Ccr4-Not complex, whereas the Pan2 enzymatic subunit forms a stable complex with Pan3. In this review, we discuss the composition and activity of these two deadenylases. In addition, we comment on generic and specific mechanisms of recruitment of Ccr4-Not and Pan2-Pan3 to mRNAs. Finally, we discuss specialised and redundant functions of the deadenylases and review the importance of Ccr4-Not subunits in the regulation of physiological processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA Decay mechanisms.
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