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Related Concept Videos

Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Genetic Lingo01:11

Genetic Lingo

Overview
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience, such as differences...
Heritability01:06

Heritability

Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic" a trait is,...

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Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
09:37

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

Published on: August 15, 2019

Height matters-from monogenic disorders to normal variation.

Claudia Durand1, Gudrun A Rappold

  • 1Department of Human Molecular Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
|January 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores genetic factors influencing human height, comparing rare variants with large effects to common variants with small effects. It highlights challenges in gene discovery for height and related disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Human Biology

Background:

  • Height is a highly heritable, polygenic trait serving as a model for complex and Mendelian diseases.
  • Understanding height genetics offers insights into various common and rare disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review monogenic and complex genetic perspectives on height.
  • To compare the impact of rare versus common genetic variants on height.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in height gene discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on height genetics.
  • Analysis of rare sequence variants and common variants from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • Discussion of copy number variations and genetic interactions.

Main Results:

  • Rare variants can have substantial effects on height, contrasting with the small effects of common variants found in GWAS.
  • Genetic factors contributing to unexplained heritability, such as copy number changes and interactions, are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Gene discovery for height is advancing, but challenges remain in moving from genomic localization to mechanistic understanding.
  • Next-generation sequencing is crucial for identifying causative variants in extreme height phenotypes.
  • Insights from GWAS loci may aid research in pediatric endocrinology.