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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
10:45

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions

Published on: July 6, 2011

The (not so) social Simon effect: a referential coding account.

Thomas Dolk1, Bernhard Hommel, Wolfgang Prinz

  • 1Department of Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|January 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The joint Simon effect (joint cSE) arises from salient events, not necessarily social interactions, guiding action coding. This suggests that attention-grabbing auditory events, not just social cues, can trigger the joint cSE.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
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Published on: July 6, 2011

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
06:53

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • The joint go-nogo Simon effect (joint cSE) traditionally indexes automatic action and task co-representation.
  • Recent research questions the necessity of social factors, proposing salient events as sufficient for spatial action coding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether salient, non-social, and non-movement-related events can elicit the joint cSE.
  • To test the role of bottom-up attention in event co-representation within an auditory go-nogo Simon task.

Main Methods:

  • Auditory go-nogo Simon task with manipulated salient reference events.
  • Experiments varied social presence (Exp. 1) and movement cues (Exp. 2).
  • Auditory rhythmic features were used to attract bottom-up attention (Exp. 3 & 4).

Main Results:

  • Spatial reference events did not require social or movement features to induce action coding.
  • Salient auditory events, attracting bottom-up attention, were co-represented regardless of their source.
  • The joint cSE occurred even without social cues or movement features.

Conclusions:

  • The joint cSE does not exclusively imply social co-representation or task co-representation.
  • Salient events, particularly those attracting bottom-up attention, are sufficient to trigger the joint cSE.
  • Event coding theory explains the joint cSE through referential coding, where actions are spatially coded relative to other salient events.