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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Published on: November 19, 2014

N400 in schizophrenia patients.

Othman M Mohammad¹, Lynn E DeLisi

¹Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

|January 24, 2013

Summary

Schizophrenia patients show abnormal N400 event related potentials (ERPs) in language processing, indicating difficulties with context use and semantic networks. Future research should investigate N400 responses in at-risk individuals.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cognitive Science

Background:

Schizophrenia is associated with language processing deficits.
Event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically the N400 component, are sensitive to semantic processing.
Abnormalities in semantic memory and context utilization are hallmarks of schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

To review key findings in event-related potential (ERP) research concerning the N400 component in schizophrenia.
To synthesize current understanding of N400 abnormalities in relation to language function in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on N400 ERP studies in schizophrenia.
Analysis of priming paradigms with varying Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) to differentiate semantic activation and context use.

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Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

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A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

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Published on: May 9, 2019

Comparison of N400 responses between schizophrenia patients and control groups.

Main Results:

Schizophrenia patients exhibit altered N400 components compared to controls in language tasks.
Difficulties in context utilization (long SOA) are linked to a more negative N400 in schizophrenia.
Short SOA priming may reveal hyperactivation within semantic networks, indicated by a reduced N400.

Conclusions:

Paradigm differences in ERP studies may explain varied findings in schizophrenia research.
It remains unclear if N400 abnormalities precede illness onset or are present at its beginning.
Future studies should examine N400 responses in high-risk youth using diverse language paradigms.