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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

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Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 in lateral ridge augmentation.

Robert Mehanna¹, Samuel Koo, David M Kim

¹Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. robert_mehanna@hsdm.harvard.edu

The International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry

|January 24, 2013

Summary

Severe jawbone defects were successfully treated using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS). This bone grafting alternative enabled dental implant placement after significant ridge augmentation.

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Area of Science:

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Science

Background:

Severe lateral ridge defects in the maxilla and mandible pose challenges for dental implant placement.
Traditional bone grafting methods can involve significant morbidity and limited predictability.
The use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) offers a potential alternative for bone regeneration.

Observation:

A novel surgical technique utilizing tenting screws and a membrane was employed to maintain space for rhBMP-2 delivery on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS).
This technique was applied to augment severe lateral ridge defects in both the maxilla and mandible.
The surgical site was monitored for healing and bone formation over a 7-month period.

Findings:

Significant ridge width augmentation was achieved, increasing from 1-2 mm to 6-9 mm.
Histological and radiographic evidence demonstrated de novo bone formation.
Successful placement of dental implants was possible following the augmentation procedure.

Implications:

This approach demonstrates the efficacy of rhBMP-2/ACS with a space-maintenance technique for severe alveolar ridge defects.
It highlights a potential bone grafting alternative, reducing the need for autogenous bone harvesting.
The findings support the use of rhBMP-2 in reconstructive dental surgery for predictable bone regeneration and implant rehabilitation.