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Isolation and Enrichment of Human Adipose-derived Stromal Cells for Enhanced Osteogenesis
Published on: January 12, 2015
Characterization of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell combinations for vascularized bone engineering
Cristian D Valenzuela1, Alexander C Allori, Derek D Reformat
1Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Laboratories, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Tissue Engineering. Part A
|January 25, 2013
Summary
Vascularized bone engineering using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) shows promise. Optimal coculture strategies involve mature endothelial cells with less mature osteoblastic cells for enhanced bone regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Stem Cell Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Bone repair and regeneration necessitate both vasculogenesis and osteogenesis.
- Successful vascularized bone engineering relies on the integration of these two processes.
- Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a potential cell source for this application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate temporal gene expression during ASC osteogenic and vasculogenic lineage commitment.
- To assess bone nodule and endothelial tubule formation capacities of ASCs.
- To optimize coculture strategies for vascularized bone engineering.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of temporal gene expression profiles in ASCs during differentiation.
- Assessment of osteogenic markers (RUNX2, SP7, etc.) and endothelial markers (CD34, VEGFR2, etc.).
- Evaluation of bone nodule and endothelial tubule formation in various coculture combinations.
Main Results:
- Osteoprogenitor-enriched ASCs showed temporally specific expression of key osteogenic genes.
- Irreversible osteogenic commitment occurred between days 6-9.
- Endothelioprogenitor-enriched ASCs formed microtubule structures by day 3.
- Optimal bone nodule and endothelial tubule formation was observed in cocultures of well-differentiated endothelial cells and less-differentiated osteoblastic cells.
Conclusions:
- Vascularized bone engineering using ASCs is a viable strategy.
- Coculture systems should aim for mature vascular networks alongside less mature osteoblastic cells.
- Understanding lineage commitment dynamics is crucial for optimizing regenerative therapies.
