Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers energy to a nearby...

DNA Topoisomerases

DNA Topoisomerases

Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. Type I...

The Replisome

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

The Replisome

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

Lagging Strand Synthesis

Lagging Strand Synthesis

During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

An experimental toolbox for the physical characterization of thermal insulating polymeric foams.

Heliyon·2024

Same author

The relationship between charge and molecular dynamics in viscous acid hydrates.

The Journal of chemical physics·2021

Same author

Tuning the dynamics of imidazolium-based ionic liquids via hydrogen bonding. I. The viscous regime.

The Journal of chemical physics·2020

Same author

Inelastic neutron scattering study of tetramethylpyrazine in the complex with chloranilic acid.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2020

Same author

Structure and dynamics of short-chain polymerized ionic liquids.

The Journal of chemical physics·2019

Same author

Influence of Chain Rigidity and Dielectric Constant on the Glass Transition Temperature in Polymerized Ionic Liquids.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2017

Same journal

Correction to: Exploring the conformational space of the NorA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus: a microscale conventional molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulation approach.

Journal of biological physics·2026

Same journal

Multiscale frameworks for exploring protein energy landscapes: advances in theory and simulation.

Journal of biological physics·2026

Same journal

Mapping increased flexibility and conformational divergence via N-terminal helix-to-coil transition in USP12 mutant Y49N: a comprehensive in-detail normal mode simulation study.

Journal of biological physics·2026

Same journal

A thermodynamically consistent approach to modeling epithelial solute and water transport in the proximal convoluted tubule.

Journal of biological physics·2026

Same journal

Exploring the conformational space of the NorA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus: a microscale conventional molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulation approach.

Journal of biological physics·2026

Same journal

Coupled optical-thermal-chemical modeling of pulsed 808-nm ICG phototherapy using Monte Carlo photon transport.

Journal of biological physics·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

NMR 15N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins

NMR ¹⁵N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins

Published on: November 1, 2024

Slow relaxation process in DNA.

A P Sokolov, H Grimm, A Kisliuk

Journal of Biological Physics

|January 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A dynamic transition in hydrated biomolecules, including DNA, is linked to a slow relaxation process. This process, crucial for cooperative motion, is absent in dry samples.

Keywords:

Bio-polymers dynamic transition dynamics influence of hydration relaxation in bio-polymers

More Related Videos

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Published on: June 28, 2014

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

NMR 15N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins

NMR ¹⁵N Relaxation Experiments for the Investigation of Picosecond to Nanoseconds Structural Dynamics of Proteins

Published on: November 1, 2024

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Published on: June 28, 2014

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Materials Science
Polymer Physics

Background:

Many hydrated biopolymers exhibit a dynamic transition around 200-230K.
This transition is characterized by increased atomic displacements above this temperature.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the dynamic transition in DNA at various hydration levels.
Elucidate the underlying mechanism of this transition using neutron scattering.

Main Methods:

Neutron scattering experiments on DNA samples.
Analysis of mean-squared atomic displacements.
Characterization of relaxation processes in the MHz-GHz frequency range.

Main Results:

A slow relaxation process in the MHz-GHz range was identified in hydrated DNA.
This relaxation process directly correlates with the observed dynamic transition.
The dynamic transition and relaxation process were completely suppressed in dry DNA.

Conclusions:

The dynamic transition in DNA is attributed to a global relaxation mechanism.
This relaxation involves cooperative motion of DNA base pairs and the backbone.
Hydration is essential for this cooperative molecular motion and the dynamic transition.