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Related Concept Videos

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Evolutionary Processes in Microbes01:26

Evolutionary Processes in Microbes

Microbial evolution occurs rapidly due to short generation times and a variety of genetic processes, including horizontal gene transfer, mutation, recombination, and genetic drift. These mechanisms collectively enable microbes to adapt swiftly to changing environments.Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) allows genes to move between different species and occurs through three main mechanisms: conjugation, transformation, and transduction. Conjugation involves direct cell-to-cell contact for DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase
12:02

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase

Published on: May 29, 2008

Correlated flexible molecular coding and molecular evolvability.

Y Husimi1, T Aita, I Tabuchi

  • 1Department of Functional Materials Science, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan.

Journal of Biological Physics
|January 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Biopolymer evolvability relies on molecular coding, linking sequence to function. Flexible biopolymer conformations drive the evolution of this coding, enhancing protein evolvability.

Keywords:
fitness landscapegenetic codein vitrovirusremote homolog proteinssequence space

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Molecular Evolution of the Tre Recombinase
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Published on: May 29, 2008

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Biopolymer evolvability is fundamentally linked to molecular coding, which establishes the relationship between monomeric sequences and biopolymer function.
  • This relationship is often visualized as a fitness landscape across the sequence space, and is primarily mediated by the monomeric sequence dictating the biopolymer's structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolution of evolvability through flexible or multiplex coding mechanisms.
  • To explore how flexible or polymorphic conformations of biopolymers contribute to enhanced molecular coding.
  • To clarify protein evolvability using a novel molecular construct for in vitro evolution studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the amino acid landscape within the standard genetic code.
  • Development of a molecular construct enabling genotype-phenotype linking.
  • In vitro protein evolution experiments to study evolvability.

Main Results:

  • A key finding indicates that amino acid properties crucial for protein function are associated with higher evolvability measures within the genetic code.
  • The study provides evidence supporting the role of flexible or polymorphic conformations in enabling flexible or multiplex coding.

Conclusions:

  • Flexible or polymorphic conformations of biopolymers are crucial for the evolution of molecular coding and subsequent evolvability.
  • The standard genetic code's amino acid landscape reflects an inherent bias towards properties that enhance protein function and evolvability.
  • The developed molecular construct serves as a valuable tool for future in vitro evolution studies investigating protein evolvability.