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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...

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Updated: May 14, 2026

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
13:36

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

MicroRNA dysregulation in multiple sclerosis.

Omar de Faria1, Craig S Moore, Timothy E Kennedy

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada ; Program in NeuroEngineering, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada.

Frontiers in Genetics
|January 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS), impacting gene expression in the central nervous system (CNS) and immune cells. Understanding these miRNA signatures is crucial for developing new MS therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
MS lesionsimmune systemmiRNAmultiple sclerosismyelin

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Published on: July 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic CNS inflammatory disease with demyelination and axonal loss.
  • Current MS treatments aim to reduce inflammation and promote repair, but novel drug targets are needed.
  • Non-coding small microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in MS pathogenesis due to their regulatory roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review reported miRNA signatures in CNS tissue and immune cells of MS patients.
  • To explore the influence of altered miRNA expression on MS pathology.
  • To identify potential miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies reporting miRNA expression in MS.
  • Analysis of miRNA dysregulation in central nervous system (CNS) tissue and peripheral immune cells.
  • Correlation of miRNA alterations with MS disease mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • MiRNA expression profiles are altered in both CNS and immune cells in MS patients.
  • Dysregulated miRNAs can affect multiple gene targets, influencing inflammatory and repair pathways.
  • Specific miRNA signatures are associated with MS pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Altered miRNA expression is a significant feature of MS.
  • MiRNAs represent promising targets for novel MS therapies focused on immune modulation and CNS repair.
  • Further research into miRNA function in MS is warranted.