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Updated: May 14, 2026

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Published on: May 3, 2011

4-D photoacoustic tomography.

Liangzhong Xiang¹, Bo Wang, Lijun Ji

¹J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville , FL 32611, USA.

Scientific Reports

|January 25, 2013

Summary

Four dimensional photoacoustic tomography (4D PAT) provides real-time 3D imaging of biological tissue. This advanced technique tracks dynamic physiological and pathological processes with high resolution, enabling new insights in medicine.

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Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

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Area of Science:

Biomedical imaging
Optical imaging
Ultrasound imaging

Background:

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) enables label-free, 3D imaging of biological tissues with optical absorption contrast.
Current PAT systems require improvement for real-time, deep-tissue imaging in live subjects.
Addressing the need for enhanced dynamic imaging capabilities in preclinical and clinical research.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and demonstrate a four-dimensional photoacoustic tomography (4D PAT) system.
To achieve real-time, 3D imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution.
To validate 4D PAT for tracking dynamic physiological and pathological processes.

Main Methods:

Utilized spherical arrays of ultrasonic detectors to achieve 3D spatial resolution.
Integrated temporal resolution to enable real-time motion picture generation.
Applied 4D PAT for imaging drug delivery, pharmacokinetics, hemodynamic changes, and thermal therapy.

Main Results:

Developed a 4D PAT technique integrating 3D spatial and temporal resolutions.
Achieved motion picture imaging of biological tissues at micrometer-millisecond resolutions.
Successfully monitored dynamic processes including drug delivery, seizures, and tumor thermal therapy.

Conclusions:

4D PAT offers real-time, 3D imaging of dynamic biological processes.
The technique provides high spatiotemporal resolution for tracking physiological and pathological changes.
4D PAT holds significant potential for diverse applications in medicine and research.