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Updated: May 14, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
Published on: June 13, 2021
Development of a doula intervention for postpartum depressive symptoms: participants' recommendations
Judith Fry McComish1, Carla J Groh, Judith A Moldenhauer
1College of Nursing, Wayne State University, USA. jfmccomish@wayne.edu
Problem:
About 10-15% of women experience postpartum depression (PPD). Doulas provide support and education about PPD.
Methods:
This qualitative study used focus groups with mothers, doulas, and doula trainers to develop educational materials for doulas to help mothers identify symptoms of depression and seek treatment.
Findings:
All participants preferred materials that use simple language and avoid psychiatric jargon. Three themes emerged: someone to talk to, flexibility, and interactivity. Materials developed include tri-fold brochure and content for an application for smartphones and digital tablets.
Conclusions:
Doulas can use these interactive materials to provide supportive, relationship-based care that complements nursing care.
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