How to assess scapular dyskinesis precisely: 3-dimensional wing computer tomography--a new diagnostic modality

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Sports Medicine
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Scapular motion abnormalities are linked to shoulder and elbow issues.
• Existing scapular kinematics evaluation methods have limitations.
• Targeted rehabilitation is crucial for different types of scapular dyskinesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare observational scapular dyskinesis assessment with 3D wing CT analysis.
• To determine the validity and reliability of 3D wing CT for scapular dyskinesis evaluation.
• To establish 3D wing CT as a precise alternative for assessing scapular positioning.

Main Methods:

• Eighty-nine athletes were videotaped for observational assessment of scapular dyskinesis into four types.
• Three-dimensional (3D) wing computed tomography (CT) was used to evaluate five scapular angles.
• Inter-rater reliability (IRR) was calculated for both methods, and CT measurements were compared to observational types.

Main Results:

• Observational assessment showed good IRR (0.780), while 3D wing CT had very high IRR (0.972).
• A significant correlation was found between observational and 3D wing CT assessments.
• Specific angles (UR, ST in type 3; AT in type 1) differed significantly across dyskinesis types.

Conclusions:

• 3D wing CT provides precise quantification of scapular positioning in dyskinesis.
• This method demonstrates high reliability and validity.
• 3D wing CT is a viable alternative for assessing scapular dyskinesis.