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Related Concept Videos

Migration00:53

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
Ecological Niches02:02

Ecological Niches

All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
Limits to Natural Selection01:38

Limits to Natural Selection

Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus) Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
04:10

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus) Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern

Published on: March 8, 2020

Ecological advantages of partial migration as a conditional strategy.

Luis A Vélez-Espino1, Robert L McLaughlin, Melissa Robillard

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada. Antonio.Velez-Espino@dfo-mpo.gc.ca

Theoretical Population Biology
|January 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Partial migration, where some Brook Trout migrate and others stay resident, offers advantages. Optimal migration levels depend on environmental conditions and population density, highlighting the need to conserve diverse ecophenotypes.

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Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling
20:36

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Published on: July 4, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus) Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
04:10

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus) Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern

Published on: March 8, 2020

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling
20:36

Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling

Published on: July 4, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Population Dynamics
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Partial migration involves both migrant and resident forms within a single population.
  • Phenotypic plasticity and indeterminate growth can lead to divergent ecophenotypes (resident vs. migrant) with differing life history traits.
  • Previous studies have proposed density-dependence or environmental stochasticity as primary drivers of partial migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ecological consequences of partial migration in Brook Trout using a demographic modeling approach.
  • To examine the interplay between density dependence and environmental stochasticity on partial migration dynamics.
  • To determine the conditions under which partial migration is a viable and advantageous strategy.

Main Methods:

  • A demographic modeling approach was employed using a virtual Brook Trout population.
  • The model simulated population dynamics under varying levels of density dependence and environmental stochasticity.
  • Key parameters explored included migration costs, return rates, and population distribution across life stages and habitats.

Main Results:

  • Partial migration can confer ecological advantages, especially when resident and migrant forms exhibit life history asymmetries.
  • Density-dependent migration enhances population fitness under stable or low environmental variation but reduces it under high variation.
  • Intermediate migration rates are favored under certain conditions, but below critical return rates, partial migration becomes unsustainable.
  • The study identified threshold effects for return migration, below which the strategy is not viable.

Conclusions:

  • Partial migration is a conditional strategy whose fitness benefits are context-dependent, influenced by environmental variability and density.
  • Conservation efforts should prioritize the protection of diverse ecophenotypes within partially migratory populations.
  • Understanding the complex interactions between density dependence, environmental stochasticity, and migration is crucial for managing these populations.