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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

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Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
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[Correlation analysis between post-stroke constipation and brain injury].

Wenzhi Cai1, Li Wang, Li Guo

  • 1Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. caiwenzhi2002@hotmail.com

Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of Southern Medical University
|January 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Post-stroke constipation affects 34.6% of patients, particularly those with hemorrhagic stroke or basal ganglia lesions. Constipation is most common in the acute phase after stroke.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability.
  • Constipation is a common complication following stroke.
  • Understanding post-stroke constipation is crucial for patient care.

Purpose:

  • To determine the incidence of constipation after stroke.
  • To identify factors associated with post-stroke constipation.
  • To explore the relationship between brain injury characteristics and constipation.

Summary:

  • A study of 723 stroke patients found an overall constipation incidence of 34.6%.
  • Constipation rates varied significantly by stroke type (ischemic, hemorrhagic) and stage (acute, recovery, sequelae).
  • Basal ganglia involvement and lesion number were identified as key predictors of post-stroke constipation.

Impact:

  • Highlights the high prevalence of constipation post-stroke.
  • Identifies specific stroke characteristics linked to increased constipation risk.
  • Informs targeted interventions and management strategies for stroke survivors.