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Engagement promotes abstinence in a web-based cessation intervention: cohort study
Amanda Richardson1, Amanda L Graham, Nathan Cobb
1Department of Research and Evaluation, Legacy, Washington, DC 20036, United States. arichardson@legacyforhealth.org
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|January 29, 2013
Summary
Web-based smoking cessation interventions show promise, but engagement is key. Maximizing user engagement and retention is crucial for improving the effectiveness of online tools to help people quit smoking.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Web-based smoking cessation interventions offer cost-effective reach to large smoker populations.
- Their full public health impact remains unrealized due to unclear mechanisms of action, differential benefits, and optimization challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a promoted web-based smoking cessation intervention's effectiveness over time.
- To identify key intervention features and user characteristics associated with successful quit behavior.
- To estimate the intervention's impact using weighted analyses for broader generalizability.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 1033 adult registrants from a web-based smoking cessation program.
- Assessed self-reported abstinence at 1, 3, and 6 months via online surveys and phone follow-ups.
- Utilized generalized estimating equations (GEE) to analyze website utilization predictors and their link to abstinence.
Main Results:
- Six-month abstinence rates were 20.68% (responders) and 11.13% (intent-to-treat).
- Website visits and engaging features predicted abstinence in unweighted analyses; only visits were significant in weighted analyses.
- High motivation predicted utilization, while negative partner support hindered engagement.
Conclusions:
- User engagement is paramount for successful smoking cessation.
- Future web-based interventions must prioritize initial user engagement and long-term retention for registered users.
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