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Initiation of Translation

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...

Initiation of Translation

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...

Improving Translational Accuracy

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

General Transcription Factors

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Monitoring eIF4F Assembly by Measuring eIF4E-eIF4G Interaction in Live Cells

Monitoring eIF4F Assembly by Measuring eIF4E-eIF4G Interaction in Live Cells

Published on: May 1, 2020

The translational factor eIF3f: the ambivalent eIF3 subunit.

Roberta Marchione¹, Serge A Leibovitch, Jean-Luc Lenormand

¹HumProTher Laboratory, TheREx, TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, CNRS UMR5525, University Joseph Fourier, 38700, La Tronche, Cedex, France.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS

|January 29, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The eukaryotic initiation factor 3 f subunit (eIF3f) is key in regulating protein synthesis and cell fate. Its interactions are crucial for preventing malignancy and muscle atrophy, highlighting its therapeutic potential.

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

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Published on: May 1, 2020

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Rapid In Vivo Fixation and Isolation of Translational Complexes from Eukaryotic Cells

Rapid In Vivo Fixation and Isolation of Translational Complexes from Eukaryotic Cells

Published on: December 25, 2021

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Protein synthesis regulation is vital for eukaryotic cell growth and fate.
The eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) complex is the largest regulator of translation.
The eIF3f subunit plays a critical role in balancing cell fate, preventing tumoral or apoptotic shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the intracellular interacting partners of the eIF3f subunit.
To elucidate the physiological significance of eIF3f in cancer and muscle cells.
To highlight eIF3f as a potential biotherapeutic target.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on eIF3f interactions and functions.
Analysis of the global interaction network of eIF3f.
Delineation of the intracellular role of eIF3f in cell-type-specific contexts.

Main Results:

Loss of eIF3f leads to malignancy in various cell types.
eIF3f deficiency causes atrophy in normal muscle cells.
Specific intracellular partners influencing eIF3f's role in cancer and muscle were identified.

Conclusions:

The eIF3f subunit's interaction network is critical for maintaining normal cell physiology.
Understanding eIF3f's intracellular role is essential for its therapeutic applications.
eIF3f is a promising candidate molecule for biotherapeutic strategies targeting cancer and muscle disorders.