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The genetic contribution to severe post-traumatic osteoarthritis
Ana M Valdes1, Sally A Doherty, Kenneth R Muir
1Academic Rheumatology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK. ana.valdes@kcl.ac.uk
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|January 29, 2013
Summary
Genetic variants play a role in osteoarthritis (OA) risk. Post-traumatic knee replacement cases show a similar genetic contribution to non-traumatic cases, unlike hip replacement cases.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Orthopedics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors.
- Distinguishing between post-traumatic (PT) and non-traumatic (NT) OA is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms.
- Genetic predisposition is a known contributor to OA development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the combined role of genetic risk variants in post-traumatic (PT) versus non-traumatic (NT) clinically severe knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA).
- To investigate the association of a genetic risk score with PT and NT cases undergoing total joint replacement.
Main Methods:
- Genotyped 12 known OA risk variants in 1590 controls, 2168 total knee replacement (TKR) cases, and 1567 total hip replacement (THR) cases from UK cohorts.
- Calculated a genetic risk score (GRS) for each participant.
- Assessed the association between the GRS and PT/NT TKR and THR, adjusting for covariates.
Main Results:
- For total hip replacement (THR), each additional genetic risk variant showed a trend towards lower risk in PT cases (OR=1.07) compared to NT cases (OR=1.11, p=1.55×10⁻⁵).
- For total knee replacement (TKR), each risk variant conferred a slightly higher risk in PT cases (OR=1.12, p=1.82×10⁻⁵) than in NT cases (OR=1.08, p=0.00063).
Conclusions:
- Post-traumatic knee replacement cases exhibit a genetic contribution to OA risk that is at least as high as non-traumatic cases.
- Genetic factors significantly influence the risk of both traumatic and non-traumatic osteoarthritis leading to knee replacement.
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