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Related Concept Videos

Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
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The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most  widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections with a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Generation of Multicue Cellular Microenvironments by UV-Photopatterning of Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Substrates
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Dynamic and reversible surface topography influences cell morphology.

Jennifer D Kiang1, Jessica H Wen, Juan C del Álamo

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|January 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cells respond to immediate changes in surface topography, altering their shape. However, they adapt to longer-term, dynamic surface changes without significant morphological shifts, suggesting a role in signal transmission.

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Published on: January 22, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science
  • Cell biology
  • Surface topography engineering

Background:

  • Cellular functions like morphology are influenced by microscale and nanoscale surface topography.
  • In vivo, cells continuously remodel their surface topography, unlike static in vitro models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cellular responses to dynamic surface topography changes over time.
  • To develop a model system for studying cell-material interactions under dynamic topographical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a soft polyacrylamide hydrogel embedded with magnetic nickel microwires.
  • Utilizing a magnetic field to reversibly align microwires and induce surface wrinkling (ΔRRMS from 0.05 to 0.70 μm).
  • Assessing vascular smooth muscle cell morphology in response to acute and oscillating topographical changes.

Main Results:

  • Vascular smooth muscle cells exhibited changes in area and shape when exposed to acute topographical changes on substrates with roughness > 0.2 μm.
  • Cells did not show significant morphological changes when exposed to longer-term oscillating topography, regardless of wire stiffness.
  • The hydrogel system allowed for controlled, reversible topography oscillations without material creep.

Conclusions:

  • Cells respond immediately to acute topographical alterations, indicating a potential role in signal transduction.
  • Cells adapt to dynamic, oscillating surface topographies, suggesting a tolerance or regulatory mechanism.
  • This study provides insights into cell-environment interactions under dynamic topographical stimuli.