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Cardiac disease associated with increased risk of nonamnestic cognitive impairment: stronger effect on women
Rosebud O Roberts1, Yonas E Geda, David S Knopman
1Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. roberts.rosebud@mayo.edu
JAMA Neurology
|January 30, 2013
Summary
Cardiac disease is linked to a higher risk of nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), particularly in women. Managing heart health may help prevent naMCI.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) encompasses amnestic (aMCI) and nonamnestic (naMCI) subtypes.
- naMCI is considered a potential precursor to vascular dementia and other non-Alzheimer dementias.
- A vascular etiology is hypothesized for naMCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between cardiac disease and the development of aMCI and naMCI.
- To explore potential sex differences in this association.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, population-based cohort study with a median follow-up of 4.0 years in Olmsted County, Minnesota.
- 2719 participants evaluated at baseline and periodically using the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, neurological exams, and neuropsychological testing.
- Cardiac disease assessed from medical records at baseline.
Main Results:
- Of 1450 participants without MCI or dementia at baseline, 366 developed MCI.
- Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (HR, 1.77).
- This association was stronger in women (HR, 3.07) than in men (HR, 1.16), with a significant interaction by sex (P=.02).
- No association was found between cardiac disease and aMCI.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac disease is an independent risk factor for naMCI.
- The association between cardiac disease and naMCI is stronger in women.
- Preventing and managing cardiac disease and vascular risk factors may reduce the incidence of naMCI.
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