Association between MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism and endometrial cancer risk in Polish women

The prognostic value of the MDM2 gene amplification/expression in many types of cancer remains unclear. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the MDM2 gene have been shown to alter the protein expression and thus, may play a role in carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between the risk of endometrial cancer and SNP309 polymorphisms in the MDM2 gene. The genotype analysis of SNP309 MDM2 gene polymorphisms in 152 endometrial cancer patients and 100 controls of cancer-free subjects, in the Polish population, was performed using the PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In the presented study, an association between MDM2 SNP309 polymorphisms and the incidence of endometrial cancer was identified. Our results obtained for the SNP309 polymorphisms of the MDM2 gene indicated that both the G/G genotype and the G allele are strongly associated with endometrial cancer. We did not observe any relationship between gene polymorphism and endometrial cancer progression assessed by FIGO grade. This is the first study linking single nucleotide polymorphisms of the MDM2 gene with endometrial cancer incidence in the population of Polish women. The results support the hypothesis that the SNP309 polymorphism of the MDM2 gene may be associated with the incidence of endometrial cancer in the female population.