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Related Concept Videos

Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

Gas Exchange and Transport

Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a membrane via...
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a membrane via...

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Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution
11:55

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

Published on: August 16, 2016

Gas transport across hyperthin membranes.

Minghui Wang1, Vaclav Janout, Steven L Regen

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|January 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed hyperthin organic polymeric membranes for efficient gas separation. These membranes show high selectivity for hydrogen and carbon dioxide, crucial for clean energy and climate change mitigation.

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Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film
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Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution
11:55

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Published on: August 16, 2016

Demonstration of Membrane Transport of Histidine using Goat Intestinal Inverted Sacs: An Experiential Pedagogical Tool for Undergraduates
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Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film
08:23

Automated Lipid Bilayer Membrane Formation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane Thin Film

Published on: July 10, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Membrane-based gas separation offers energy efficiency and cost advantages over traditional methods.
  • Fabricating ultra-thin membranes (<100 nm) is key for high gas flux but often leads to defects and reduced selectivity.
  • Organic polymeric membranes are explored as a viable alternative for gas mixture separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize hyperthin organic polymeric membranes with high permeation selectivity.
  • To investigate membranes for clean energy applications (H2/CO2 from CH4) and global warming mitigation (CO2/N2 from flue gas).
  • To explore the use of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) and layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition methods for creating these membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) methods with custom-designed porous calix[6]arene surfactants.
  • Employed a "gluing" technique involving ionic cross-linking of surfactants with polymeric counterions.
  • Characterized hyperthin films using ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and permeation measurements.
  • Investigated layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of poly(ethylene glycol)-based polyelectrolytes.

Main Results:

  • Achieved remarkably high H2/CO2 and CO2/N2 permeation selectivities with LB- and LbL-based hyperthin membranes.
  • Demonstrated that while molecular sieving contributes, solution-diffusion pathways predominantly govern permeation selectivity.
  • Successfully created defect-free hyperthin membranes (<100 nm) with enhanced separation capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperthin membranes fabricated using LB and LbL methods show significant promise for gas separation.
  • These advanced membranes can be exploited for purifying hydrogen from methane and capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas.
  • The developed techniques offer a pathway towards more efficient and cost-effective clean energy and environmental solutions.