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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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If over time, all...
Long-term Depression01:05

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Published on: August 5, 2014

Default mode network connectivity indicates episodic memory capacity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Cornelia McCormick1, Maher Quraan, Melanie Cohn

  • 1Krembil Neuroscience Center & Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. cornelia.mccormick@gmail.com

Epilepsia
|January 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Resting state functional connectivity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients reveals how hippocampus damage impacts memory. Connectivity changes predict memory decline and recovery after surgery, offering clinical insights.

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
12:09

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Published on: August 5, 2014

Assessment of Memory Function in Pilocarpine-induced Epileptic Mice
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A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
08:23

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) in neurologic disorders like mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is not well understood.
  • The default mode network (DMN) and its connection to the hippocampus (HC) are crucial for memory.
  • Unilateral HC damage in mTLE may alter DMN connectivity, impacting cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in DMN connectivity associated with unilateral HC damage in mTLE.
  • To determine if altered connectivity can characterize memory deficits.
  • To assess the potential of connectivity measures to predict postsurgical memory changes.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI resting state scans and neuropsychological memory tests (Warrington Recognition Tests) were conducted on healthy controls and patients with right or left mTLE.
  • Presurgical and postsurgical data were collected for a subset of patients.
  • Connectivity of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) with the hippocampus was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Patients with mTLE exhibited reduced PCC-epileptogenic HC connectivity and increased PCC-contralateral HC connectivity.
  • Greater PCC connectivity to the epileptogenic HC correlated with better presurgical memory but greater postsurgical decline.
  • Increased PCC connectivity to the contralateral HC was linked to less postsurgical memory decline.
  • Post-surgery, PCC connectivity to the remaining HC increased and better predicted memory change than other measures.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic brain connectivity, particularly within the DMN, holds significant clinical relevance for assessing cognitive function in mTLE.
  • Connectivity patterns can identify patients at risk for postsurgical memory decline and predict recovery.
  • RSFC measures offer a promising biomarker for cognitive outcomes in mTLE.