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Primary Motives: Hunger and Thirst

Hunger and thirst are fundamental physiological drives crucial for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the survival of both humans and animals. These drives are regulated through complex interactions between the brain, hormones, and sensory receptors.
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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

A Murine Model of Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy
06:47

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Published on: December 18, 2017

Hunger enhances vertical vection.

Takeharu Seno1, Hiroyuki Ito, Shoji Sunaga

  • 1Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540, Japan. seno@design.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Perception
|February 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Hunger enhances the perception of vertical self-motion illusions, like feeling you are moving up or down. However, hunger does not affect illusions of self-motion in depth.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Visually induced self-motion illusions, known as vection, are crucial for understanding spatial orientation.
  • Previous research has explored various factors influencing vection, but the role of internal physiological states like hunger remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of hunger on visually induced illusory self-motions.
  • Specifically, to determine if hunger affects vertical vection (upward/downward motion) and vection in depth (forward/backward motion).

Main Methods:

  • Participants were exposed to visual stimuli designed to induce vection.
  • The experiments were conducted under conditions of hunger and satiety.
  • Subjective ratings of perceived self-motion were collected.

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Main Results:

  • Hunger significantly facilitated the perception of vertical vection (upward and downward illusory self-motion).
  • Hunger did not have a significant effect on vection in depth.
  • This suggests a specific link between hunger and the processing of vertical motion cues.

Conclusions:

  • Hunger selectively enhances vertical vection, indicating a modulation of sensory processing related to bodily states.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that vertical self-motions, including illusory ones, may be more closely linked to visceral sensations.
  • This research opens new avenues for understanding the interplay between metabolic state and spatial perception.