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Related Concept Videos

Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic01:20

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Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
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Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant01:26

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Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
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Antisocial Personality Disorder01:24

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Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
09:55

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Published on: March 8, 2018

Patterns of interpersonal problems in borderline personality disorder.

Simone Salzer1, Ulrich Streeck, Ulrich Jaeger

  • 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Goettingen, Germany. ssalzer@gwdg.de

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|February 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study identified five interpersonal patterns in borderline personality disorder (BPD). These patterns impact symptom severity and the therapeutic alliance, highlighting the importance of interpersonal style in BPD treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Personality Disorders

Background:

  • Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is frequently associated with significant interpersonal difficulties.
  • Understanding distinct interpersonal patterns within BPD is crucial for tailored treatment approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize distinct interpersonal subtypes in patients diagnosed with BPD.
  • To investigate the relationship between these interpersonal subtypes, symptom distress, and the therapeutic alliance.

Main Methods:

  • Cluster analysis was used to identify interpersonal patterns in 228 inpatients with BPD, utilizing the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems.
  • Global symptom severity and therapeutic alliance ratings were assessed for each identified cluster.

Main Results:

  • Five distinct interpersonal patterns were identified: "Vindictive," "Moderate Submissive," "Nonassertive," "Exploitable," and "Socially Avoidant."
  • These clusters significantly differed in interpersonal distress, differentiation, and global symptom severity.
  • Therapeutic alliance ratings varied significantly across subtypes, with the "Socially Avoidant" cluster showing the lowest therapist ratings.

Conclusions:

  • Interpersonal style is a significant factor in the presentation and treatment of BPD.
  • Recognizing these interpersonal subtypes can inform more effective therapeutic strategies and improve treatment outcomes for BPD patients.