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Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
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Microglia activation in the extremely preterm human brain.

Veena Supramaniam1, Regina Vontell, Latha Srinivasan

  • 1Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Division of Imaging & Biomedical Engineering, The Rayne Institute, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. veena.supramaniam@kcl.ac.uk

Pediatric Research
|February 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microglia activation in the periventricular white matter (PVWM) increases following germinal matrix/intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH/IVH) in preterm infants, impacting brain development. This suggests a significant role for microglial activation in PVWM injury.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The immature preterm brain's periventricular white matter (PVWM) is susceptible to injury.
  • Resident microglia, crucial for brain development, may worsen PVWM injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microglial profiles in preterm brains with and without germinal matrix hemorrhage/intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH/IVH).

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to examine microglia in control and GMH/IVH human preterm brains (median gestational age 24.1 and 25.4 weeks).

Main Results:

  • Microglial numbers were higher in the PVWM of both groups, with increased density in GMH/IVH brains.
  • Activated Iba1/CD68-positive microglia increased in GMH/IVH brains, suggesting rapid transformation of hematopoietic microglia.
  • Apoptosis, axonal injury, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression were elevated in GMH/IVH cases.

Conclusions:

  • Germinal matrix/intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH/IVH) can affect preterm brain development.
  • Microglial activation plays a significant role in the observed brain injury.