Coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with unstable angina pectoris and bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis is characterized by the abnormal and permanent dilatation of bronchi. Clinical manifestations of bronchiectasis include persistent or recurrent cough, purulent sputum, hemosputum, and hemoptysis. A 75-year-old man with bronchiectasis required coronary bypass grafting for unstable angina pectoris with severe stenosis of the left main trunk. Computed tomography showed fistulae between the dilated bronchial arteries and the left pulmonary artery. Cardiac catheter examination showed significant left-right shunt and left ventricular dilatation. To avoid perioperative massive hemoptysis, embolizations of 2 bronchial arteries and an inferior phrenic artery were performed preceding the coronary artery bypass grafting. Both transcatheter embolization and coronary artery bypass grafting were successfully performed without any complications. Herein, we illustrate a very rare case of bronchiectasis in a patient with unstable angina pectoris who underwent transcatheter embolization for a systemic-pulmonary shunt preceding coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass.