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Plug-and-play, single-chip photoplethysmography.

Deepak Chandrasekar¹, Bengt Arnetz, Philip Levy

¹Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences at the Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|February 1, 2013

Summary

This study introduces a novel, low-cost, and compact digital optical proximity sensor (OPS) for remote patient monitoring (RPM). This innovative sensor enables efficient photoplethysmographic (PPG) measurements in wearable devices.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Wearable Technology
Sensor Technology

Background:

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) requires low-cost, low-power wearable sensors for continuous physiological assessment.
Traditional photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensors are complex, costly, and power-intensive, hindering widespread adoption in wearables.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of using digital optical proximity sensors (OPS) for PPG measurements.
To evaluate the performance of OPS as a "plug-and-play" solution for PPG sensing in wearable devices.

Main Methods:

Utilized a digital OPS, typically used for distance sensing, for PPG signal acquisition.
Integrated the OPS into a compact 4x4 mm package with a direct digital interface to a microcontroller.
Performed single-wavelength PPG measurements across various anatomical locations (fingertips, earlobes).

Main Results:

Achieved a 10x reduction in power consumption (200 µW) compared to conventional PPG sensors.
Demonstrated a high signal-to-noise ratio (>90) due to built-in optical barriers and ambient light cancellation.
Reported a 10x cost reduction ($2 USD) and a 12x smaller area, making it ideal for wearables.

Conclusions:

Digital OPS offers a significant advancement for PPG sensing, providing a compact, low-power, and cost-effective solution.
This technology enables the development of elegant, battery-powered wearable physiological monitors.
The reported OPS-based PPG sensor is the smallest and lowest-power device to date.