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Foam phantom development for artificial vertebrae used for surgical training.

David Fuerst¹, Daniel Stephan, Peter Augat

¹Department of Medical Device Engineering, Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, School of Applied Health and Social Sciences, Linz, Austria.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|February 1, 2013

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This study developed a realistic augmented reality simulator for kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty surgical training. It utilized artificial vertebral segments with measured forces to create a foam phantom, improving patient safety.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Surgical Simulation
Medical Device Development

Background:

Current surgical training for kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty relies on cadavers or patients, posing safety concerns.
Developing realistic simulators is crucial for enhancing surgical skills and patient safety in minimally invasive procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To create an Augmented Reality (AR) simulator for kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty training.
To develop artificial vertebral segments providing realistic haptic feedback for surgical simulation.

Main Methods:

Measured needle insertion forces (transpedicular and extrapedicular) in formalin-fixed vertebral specimens.
Tested needle insertion on customized polyurethane blocks with varied mechanical properties.
Developed a foam phantom and a parametric model to analyze needle-bone interaction forces.

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Main Results:

Insertion forces in the foam phantom closely matched those in vertebral specimens.
The parametric model successfully characterized needle insertion mechanics.
A foam recipe was identified for creating artificial vertebral segments with comparable mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

The developed AR simulator with artificial vertebral segments offers a safe and effective training method.
The parametric model aids in assessing and refining the production of training phantoms.
This technology has the potential to significantly improve surgical training for vertebral interventions.