[The preclinical diagnosis of bladder neoplasms]

On the basis of 3,000 questionnaires used in the population survey, the authors distinguished 430 persons who were at risk. This group comprised from 5.3 to 20.9 per cent with regard to certain professional characteristics. The rest 2570 persons served as controls. Urologic investigation (microscopic and cytologic study of the urinary sediment and detection of the urologic symptoms) performed in 307 (71.4 per cent) persons from the risk group and 1540 (59.9 per cent) controls were shown to require 46 (15 per cent) cystoscopies for those enrolled in the risk group and 18 for the controls (1.2 per cent). The study resulted in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma, papilloma, the inflammation of the Lieutaud's triangle and the neck of the urinary bladder in 2, 2 and 33 examinees, respectively. The same inflammation was diagnosed in 11 persons enrolled in the control group. Histological study (biopsy) employed in 22 (7.2 per cent) risk-group persons and in 7 (0.5 per cent) controls revealed 11 oncological cases in the risk-group patients; 2 transitional carcinomas, 3 papillomas, 4 leukoplakias and 2 epithelial dysplasias. In general, cancer or precancer diseases of the urinary bladder were diagnosed in 22 (7.2 per cent) persons from the risk group and precancer conditions (inflammation with reactive epithelial proliferation) in 7 (0.5 per cent) controls. The results obtained permitted the used questionnaires to be assessed with the concentration index as 15.7, sensitivity index as 75.8 and specificity index as 84.3 per cent.